The district court ruled that the assembly had not contravened the Voting Rights Act in drawing 11 of the 12 districts and that only one, the 12th district, was inappropriate. The borders for the districts were drawn with a predetermined racial goal of 55% black voting-age population, packing African Americans into districts. The accused also required the plaintiff to submit an alternative border that did not amount to racial segregation. The new borders were meant to ensure that the minority groups within the districts would elect their leaders of choice. The general assembly had deliberately drawn those borders to preserve Republican Party influence in the region and the leadership argued that the borders would ensure that majority races had a say in their local politics. The plaintiffs maintained that the drawing of the borders was a contravention of the Equal Protection Section of the 14th Amendment of the US constitution (Rush). Citizens drawn from the 12 districts sued the assembly for ethnic discrimination when sketching the borders in the US local Court for the Eastern District of Virginia. Affirmative Action Caseīethune-Hill versus Virginia Panel of the Voting case occurred as an aftermath of the 2011 instance where the Virginia State Congress drew the borders for the 12 districts. Strict scrutiny is essential in identifying instances where the government interferes with protected rights and strikes down such actions. Laws under the defense of the strict scrutiny guidelines are the right to vote, the right to travel, and the right to discretion. Strict scrutiny can also be used on content-based speech limitations but does not apply to firearm protocols. The classification of suspects includes race, state origin, religious conviction, and alienage (Kelso). Within this classification, the parliament must have enacted an act that either interferes with fundamental rights or involves a suspect sorting. A claim for equal protection is an eligibility criterion for the use of this review criteria.
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